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Integrating Apple Pay into an HTML inline frame (iframe) on your website
iOS 16 and earlier On iOS 16 and earlier, Apple Pay on the Web required Safari—and all interactions with the Apple Pay API to come from the parent/top level page. In order to facilitate the Apple Pay button in an HTML inline frame (iframe), there will need to be cross frame communication between the child and parent pages. Cross frame communication should be secure and robust, therefore the use of postMessage for this purpose is recommended. The expectation is for all communication with Apple Pay to occur from the parent page, so the iframe must relay all Apple Pay related events to the parent to handle. Some examples: Apple Pay availability: The parent calls applePayCapabilities, then sends the message of the response to the iframe, which then uses the value to toggle the visibility of the Apple Pay button. Apple Pay session: The iframe receives an onclick() event when the Apple Pay button is clicked and sends the message to the parent (providing details about the transaction). The parent create the payment request to obtain the session validation URL, and eventually receive session credentials and invokes completeMerchantValidation() to prevent the payment sheet. After the payment is authorized by the Payment Service Provider (PSP), the parent either: Redirects the parent page to a payment success page; or Sends a message to the iframe to complete the transaction flow itself. iOS 17 and later On IOS 17 and later, the iframe HTML element should include the allow="payment" attribute, which should facilitate the cross frame communications instead of needing a dedicated JavaScript library. This means all of the Apple Pay code/calls can reside in the iframe page—which is typically a hosted page from a Payment Service Provider (PSP), all the parent page—typically a merchant—has to do is add the attribute mentioned above to the iframe element. Important: Regardless of the iOS version, the PSP/merchant always needs to make sure the parent page domain is the one registered in the Developer portal, and used in the request to generate a merchant session via ApplePaySession. Cheers, Paris X Pinkney |  WWDR | DTS Engineer
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1.4k
Mar ’25
Migrating a Paid App to In-App Subscriptions
Hello, I’m trying to change the business model of my app to in-app subscriptions. My goal is to ensure that previous users who paid for the app have access to all premium content seamlessly, without even noticing any changes. I’ve tried using RevenueCat for this, but I’m not entirely sure it’s working as expected. I would like to use RevenueCat to manage subscriptions, so I’m attempting a hybrid model. On the first launch of the updated app, the plan is to validate the app receipts, extract the originalAppVersion, and store it in a variable. If the original version is lower than the latest paid version, the isPremium variable is set to true, and this status propagates throughout the app. For users with versions equal to or higher than the latest paid version, RevenueCat will handle the subscription status—checking if a subscription is active and determining whether to display the paywall for premium features. In a sandbox environment, it seems to work fine, but I’ve often encountered situations where the receipt doesn’t exist. I haven’t found a way to test this behavior properly in production. For example, I uploaded the app to TestFlight, but it doesn’t validate the actual transaction for a previously purchased version of the app. Correct me if I’m wrong, but it seems TestFlight doesn’t confirm whether I installed or purchased a paid version of the app. I need to be 100% sure that users who previously paid for the app won’t face any issues with this migration. Is there any method to verify this behavior in a production-like scenario that I might not be aware of? I’m sharing the code here to see if you can confirm that it will work as intended or suggest any necessary adjustments. func fetchAppReceipt(completion: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) { // Check if the receipt URL exists guard let receiptURL = Bundle.main.appStoreReceiptURL else { print("Receipt URL not found.") requestReceiptRefresh(completion: completion) return } // Check if the receipt file exists at the given path if !FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: receiptURL.path) { print("The receipt does not exist at the specified location. Attempting to fetch a new receipt...") requestReceiptRefresh(completion: completion) return } do { // Read the receipt data from the file let receiptData = try Data(contentsOf: receiptURL) let receiptString = receiptData.base64EncodedString() print("Receipt found and encoded in base64: \(receiptString.prefix(50))...") completion(true) } catch { // Handle errors while reading the receipt print("Error reading the receipt: \(error.localizedDescription). Attempting to fetch a new receipt...") requestReceiptRefresh(completion: completion) } } func validateAppReceipt(completion: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) { print("Starting receipt validation...") guard let receiptURL = Bundle.main.appStoreReceiptURL else { print("Receipt not found on the device.") requestReceiptRefresh(completion: completion) completion(false) return } print("Receipt found at URL: \(receiptURL.absoluteString)") do { let receiptData = try Data(contentsOf: receiptURL, options: .alwaysMapped) print(receiptData) let receiptString = receiptData.base64EncodedString(options: []) print("Receipt encoded in base64: \(receiptString.prefix(50))...") let request = [ "receipt-data": receiptString, "password": "c8bc9070bf174a8a8df108ef6b8d2ae3" // Shared Secret ] print("Request prepared for Apple's validation server.") guard let url = URL(string: "https://buy.itunes.apple.com/verifyReceipt") else { print("Error: Invalid URL for Apple's validation server.") completion(false) return } print("Validation URL: \(url.absoluteString)") var urlRequest = URLRequest(url: url) urlRequest.httpMethod = "POST" urlRequest.httpBody = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: request) URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: urlRequest) { data, response, error in if let error = error { print("Error sending the request: \(error.localizedDescription)") completion(false) return } guard let data = data else { print("No response received from Apple's server.") completion(false) return } print("Response received from Apple's server.") do { if let json = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data) as? [String: Any] { print("Response JSON: \(json)") // Verify original_application_version if let receipt = json["receipt"] as? [String: Any], let appVersion = receipt["original_application_version"] as? String { print("Original application version found: \(appVersion)") // Save the version in @AppStorage savedOriginalVersion = appVersion print("Original version saved in AppStorage: \(appVersion)") if let appVersionNumber = Double(appVersion), appVersionNumber < 1.62 { print("Original version is less than 1.62. User considered premium.") isFirstLaunch = true completion(true) } else { print("Original version is not less than 1.62. User is not premium.") completion(false) } } else { print("Could not find the original application version in the receipt.") completion(false) } } else { print("Error parsing the response JSON.") completion(false) } } catch { print("Error processing the JSON response: \(error.localizedDescription)") completion(false) } }.resume() } catch { print("Error reading the receipt: \(error.localizedDescription)") requestReceiptRefresh(completion: completion) completion(false) } } Some of these functions might seem redundant, but they are intended to double-check and ensure that the user is not a previous user. Is there any way to be certain that this will work when the app is downloaded from the App Store? Thanks in advance!
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464
Mar ’25
Issue with Sticker Pack Extension
I'm unable to have stickers show in messages even with a new iOS app and a sticker pack extension target. I do see the iMessage App Icon but after tapping it nothing shows and I see a warning: "Error creating the CFMessagePort needed to communicate with PPT" This was tested on simulator and on real device. Xcode 16.1 (16B40) iOS 18.1 & 18.2
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91
Mar ’25
How to test application using Thread networking on MacOS?
I would like to test running some Thread Networking code on my MacOS machine: import ThreadNetwork let client = THClient() let bIsPreferredAvailable = await client.isPreferredAvailable() but I get some errors when trying to create an instance of the THClient class: Client: -[THClient connectToXPCService]_block_invoke - CTCS XPC Client is interrupted. Client: -[THClient getConnectionEntitlementValidity]_block_invoke - clientProxyWithErrorHandler Error: Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=4097 "connection to service named com.apple.ThreadNetwork.xpc" UserInfo={NSDebugDescription=connection to service named com.apple.ThreadNetwork.xpc} Client: -[THClient init] - XPC Client Init Failed Invalidating XPC connection. Client: -[THClient getConnectionEntitlementValidity]_block_invoke - clientProxyWithErrorHandler Error: Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=4097 "connection to service named com.apple.ThreadNetwork.xpc" UserInfo={NSDebugDescription=connection to service named com.apple.ThreadNetwork.xpc} How can I get the code to run?
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265
Mar ’25
iOS Phone app bug: Long verdict text incorrectly truncated on call details screen
I've discovered a bug in the Phone app on iOS related to how long verdicts are displayed. When a call is identified by a third-party Caller ID app, long verdicts display correctly during the call (they auto-scroll) and in the call log (with an ellipsis at the end). However, on the call details screen, the text is strangely truncated - showing only the beginning of the string and the last word. For testing, I used this verdict: "Musclemen grow on trees. They can tense their muscles and look good in a mirror. So what? I'm interested in practical strength that's going to help me run, jump, twist, punch." I'll attach a screenshots demonstrating the problem:
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307
Mar ’25
No valid file provider found with identifier
I was able to add new domain with 'NSFileProviderManager.add' function in Xcode past 2 months. Yesterday I created .pkg file (installer file) for distribution with 'pkgbuild' and 'productbuild' commands in terminal. I successfully install application and test it then uninstall it. However after this, In Xcode I cannot add new domain anymore. I keep getting "Error Domain=NSFileProviderErrorDomain Code=-2001 "No valid file provider found with identifier ‘’." Command that used to create .pkg file pkgbuild --root "path" --scripts "path" --identifier "same bundle identifier with app" --version 1.0 --install-location /Applications "newpkg.pkg" productbuild --synthesize --package "newpkg.pkg" Distribution.xml productbuild --distribution Distribution.xml --package-path "newpath.pkg" "newpathrelease.pkg" NOTE: When app is installed (But not running). I am able to add new domain in Xcode. After I uninstall app, I start to get same error again NOTE: I uninstall app by move it to Trash from Applications directory in finder Any suggestion about add new domain in Xcode during development? Or How to fix 'No valid file provider found with identifier' error
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204
Apr ’25
Live Caller ID Lookup & PIRService blocking inconsistent
I've successfully started the Live Caller ID Lookup example and initialized the PIRService. I added several identities to the input.txtpb file, some with block: true and others with block: false. Here is the file but modified phone digits: identities { key: "+40790123123" value { name: "Blocking 1" cache_expiry_minutes: 7 block: true } } identities { key: "+972526111111" value { name: "Blocking 2" cache_expiry_minutes: 7 block: true } } identities { key: "+123" value { name: "Adam" cache_expiry_minutes: 8 block: false category: IDENTITY_CATEGORY_PERSON } } identities { key: "+972526111112" value { name: "Identified Business Name 1" cache_expiry_minutes: 1 block: false category: IDENTITY_CATEGORY_BUSINESS } } identities { key: "+972526111113" value { name: "Identified Business Name 2" cache_expiry_minutes: 1 block: false category: IDENTITY_CATEGORY_BUSINESS } } The main issue is that only the number marked as +40790123123 was actually blocked, while "Blocking 2" appeared as identified contacts with their assigned name displayed. Notably, the only blocked number was a foreign number with a different country code than the number being called. The other numbers belonged to the same country. Can someone clarify whether this is a bug in the example project or an issue with the data file?
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304
Mar ’25
Why can't the app get the subscription status occasionally?
Hi, I have developed an app which has two in-app purchase subscriptions. During the test, the app can successfully get the status of the subscriptions. After it's released, I downloaded it from app store and subscribed it with my apple account. I found that in most cases, the app can identify that I have subscribed it and I can use its all functions. But yesterday, when I launched it again, it showed the warning that I haven't subscribed it. I checked my subscription in my account and the subscription status hasn't been changed, that is, I have subscribed it. And after one hour, I launched it again. This time the app identified that I have subscribed it. Why? The following is the code about listening to the subscription status. Is there any wrong about it? HomeView() .onAppear(){ Task { await getSubscriptionStatus() } } func getSubscriptionStatus() async { var storeProducts = [Product]() do { let productIds = ["6740017137","6740017138"] storeProducts = try await Product.products(for: productIds) } catch { print("Failed product request: \(error)") } guard let subscription1 = storeProducts.first?.subscription else { // Not a subscription return } do { let statuses = try await subscription1.status for status in statuses { let info = try checkVerified(status.renewalInfo) switch status.state { case .subscribed: if info.willAutoRenew { purchaseStatus1 = true debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is active.") } else { purchaseStatus1 = false debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is expiring.") } case .inBillingRetryPeriod: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is in billing retry period.") purchaseStatus1 = false case .inGracePeriod: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is in grace period.") purchaseStatus1 = false case .expired: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is expired.") purchaseStatus1 = false case .revoked: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription was revoked.") purchaseStatus1 = false default: fatalError("getSubscriptionStatus WARNING STATE NOT CONSIDERED.") } } } catch { // do nothing } guard let subscription2 = storeProducts.last?.subscription else { // Not a subscription return } do { let statuses = try await subscription2.status for status in statuses { let info = try checkVerified(status.renewalInfo) switch status.state { case .subscribed: if info.willAutoRenew { purchaseStatus2 = true debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is active.") } else { purchaseStatus2 = false debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is expiring.") } case .inBillingRetryPeriod: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is in billing retry period.") purchaseStatus2 = false case .inGracePeriod: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is in grace period.") purchaseStatus2 = false case .expired: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription is expired.") purchaseStatus2 = false case .revoked: debugPrint("getSubscriptionStatus user subscription was revoked.") purchaseStatus2 = false default: fatalError("getSubscriptionStatus WARNING STATE NOT CONSIDERED.") } } } catch { // do nothing } if purchaseStatus1 == true || purchaseStatus2 == true { purchaseStatus = true } else if purchaseStatus1 == false && purchaseStatus2 == false { purchaseStatus = false } return }
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217
Mar ’25
repeat subscription
After the user initiates the subscription payment, the SDK returns an error type: user cancels. When the user initiates the payment again, Apple will deduct the payment twice and successfully deduct the previously cancelled SKU. This is a recent occurrence with a large amount of data, and the app has not been upgraded in any way. We need to seek help. Thank you
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196
Mar ’25
Push Live Activity not showing up
This is in an iOS Simulator running iOS 18.2 I send a start live activity push notification from the Push Notifications Console on icloud.developer.apple.com. When checking the console.log output it seems to receive the message, yet the activity does not appear in the dynamic island. (the app is backgrounded when I test this) Can anyone tell me why it's not showing? Starting the same activity from within the app using Swift code works fine. Here is the console.app output: default 11:01:59.060954+0100 apsd <APSConnectionServer: 0x104207b80; development/com.apple.aps.sessioncore.PushNotifications.dev/liveactivitiesd 0>: Sending push to client. UUID: (null) default 11:01:59.061012+0100 apsd Dispatching high priority message on server: <APSConnectionServer: 0x104207b80; development/com.apple.aps.sessioncore.PushNotifications.dev/liveactivitiesd 0> default 11:01:59.061770+0100 apsd Looking up connection on peer: 4304b50 found <APSConnectionServer: 0x104207b80; development/com.apple.aps.sessioncore.PushNotifications.dev/liveactivitiesd 0> default 11:01:59.062283+0100 liveactivitiesd APSXPCDeliverMessageEvent: Created APSIncomingMessage. UUID: (null) default 11:01:59.062642+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> Delivering message from apsd: <APSIncomingMessage: 0x600000c2e9a0> 2897852514 com.****.****.push-type.liveactivity default 11:01:59.062763+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> Delivering message from apsd. UUID: (null) default 11:01:59.063374+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> making delegate (<SessionPushNotifications.APSPushConnection: 0x600000227460>) calls to deliver message 2897852514 { aps = { alert = { "loc-key" = "recording_started_message"; "title-loc-key" = "recording_started_title"; }; attributes = { isRecording = 1; }; "attributes-type" = SWAutomaticTripRecorderActivityAttributes; "content-state" = { distance = 0; }; event = start; timestamp = 1742374701; }; } for topic com.****.****test.push-type.liveactivity default 11:01:59.063440+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> calling <SessionPushNotifications.APSPushConnection: 0x600000227460> connection:didReceiveIncomingMessage: default 11:01:59.063740+0100 liveactivitiesd Acquiring keep-alive with reason: Received message default 11:01:59.063785+0100 liveactivitiesd Keep-alive reasons: ["Received message": 1] default 11:01:59.063803+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> returned from <SessionPushNotifications.APSPushConnection: 0x600000227460> connection:didReceiveIncomingMessage: default 11:01:59.063883+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> responding with an ack for message with guid E19D7D04-12A0-4F1B-B33C-F6BF57EE2EFF default 11:01:59.063921+0100 liveactivitiesd <APSConnection: 0x600003d18000> responding with an ack. UUID: (null) default 11:01:59.063996+0100 apsd Looking up connection on peer: 4304b50 found <APSConnectionServer: 0x104207b80; development/com.apple.aps.sessioncore.PushNotifications.dev/liveactivitiesd 0> default 11:01:59.064019+0100 apsd <APSUserCourier 0x100f052a0 development 0> informed that <APSConnectionServer: 0x104207b80; development/com.apple.aps.sessioncore.PushNotifications.dev/liveactivitiesd 0> acknowledges incoming message with guid E19D7D04-12A0-4F1B-B33C-F6BF57EE2EFF tracingUUID (null) default 11:01:59.064063+0100 liveactivitiesd Received message: topic: Topic(unsuffixed: "com.****.****test"); channelID: nil; token: Optional(128 bytes); eventType: start(SessionPushNotifications.IncomingMessage.EventType.StartParameters(attributesType: "SWAutomaticTripRecorderActivityAttributes", attributesData: 20 bytes, inputs: [])) for environment: development default 11:01:59.064198+0100 liveactivitiesd Received push event for com.****.****test::pushToStart default 11:01:59.064232+0100 liveactivitiesd Adding push-to-start budget for com.****.****test::pushToStart default 11:01:59.064273+0100 liveactivitiesd Acquiring keep-alive with reason: Database default 11:01:59.064296+0100 liveactivitiesd Keep-alive reasons: ["Database": 1, "Received message": 1] default 11:01:59.064313+0100 liveactivitiesd Acquiring keep-alive with reason: Database default 11:01:59.064330+0100 liveactivitiesd Keep-alive reasons: ["Database": 2, "Received message": 1] default 11:01:59.064342+0100 liveactivitiesd Reduced budget for com.****.****test::pushToStart to: 9 default 11:01:59.064358+0100 liveactivitiesd Topic com.****.****test.push-type.liveactivity has remaining budget for pushToStart of 9 default 11:01:59.064369+0100 liveactivitiesd Topic com.****.****test.push-type.liveactivity has not used any budget for activity default 11:01:59.064436+0100 liveactivitiesd Scheduling wake to re-evaluate push subscription budgets at 2025-03-19 11:01:59 +0000 default 11:01:59.064547+0100 liveactivitiesd Earliest nonwaking date from task "Push server budget timeout expiration": 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00, finalWakeTarget: 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00 3599.999696 default 11:01:59.064593+0100 liveactivitiesd Earliest waking date from task "Push server budget timeout expiration": 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00, finalWakeTarget: 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00 3599.999651 default 11:01:59.064620+0100 liveactivitiesd Scheduling nonwaking task for: 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00 in 3599.999622s default 11:01:59.064659+0100 liveactivitiesd Scheduling waking task for: 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00 in 3599.999584s default 11:01:59.064671+0100 liveactivitiesd Acquiring keep-alive with reason: wake scheduling default 11:01:59.064692+0100 liveactivitiesd Keep-alive reasons: ["Database": 2, "Received message": 1, "wake scheduling": 1] default 11:01:59.064734+0100 liveactivitiesd Scheduling waking task for adjusted date: 2025-03-19T12:01:59+01:00 in 3599.999508s default 11:01:59.064768+0100 liveactivitiesd xpc_activity_register: com.apple.sessionkit.wake, criteria: dictionary default 11:01:59.064843+0100 liveactivitiesd Received pushToStart notification for com.****.****test::pushToStart default 11:01:59.064955+0100 liveactivitiesd Keep-alive reasons: ["Database": 2, "Received message": 1] default 11:01:59.064979+0100 liveactivitiesd Publishing event: timestamp: 2025-03-19 08:58:21 +0000; activityIdentifier: F432AB2F-1799-4437-B54B-6D9D70A0B260; eventType: start(SessionPushNotifications.PushEvent.EventType.ActivityStartParameters(attributesType: "SWAutomaticTripRecorderActivityAttributes", attributesData: 20 bytes, contentSourceRequests: [ActivityKit.ActivityContentSource.Request.push(request: ActivityKit.PushActivityContentSource.Request.push, target: ProcessDescriptor.Request("com.****.****test")), ActivityKit.ActivityContentSource.Request.process(target: ProcessDescriptor.Request("com.****.****test"))]))
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107
Mar ’25
InApp purchases ok and ko at the same time (?!)
I'm working on an app the has implemented inapp purchases. They have been working so far, and they keep working currently. But just a couple of days ago, a specific user sent us a support ticket stating that when he purchases and item the bank charges it for the purchase, but within the app, the purchase fails and he doesn't receive the item. He sent us screenshots showing: The iOS native modal when a purchases has been finished correctly ("You're all set - Your purchase was successful "). Right after that modal, the app shows an internal modal showing "The purchase failed, please, try again later". Checking the app logs, that failure modal was triggered by "The operation couldn’t be completed. (StoreKit.StoreKitError error 1.)". Reading docs about this error leads me to think about device or user restrictions (parental controls, usage limits, etc...). It seems that in theses cases the bank charge could be issued but refunded later once Apple ultimately declines the purchase. However the user says that he doesn't have any kind of restriction. The only related thing is a "this device is also restricted by a profile" message, but everyone seems to have this message. What could it be causing this issue? In what scenariowould the app show a native OK modal but a storekit error 1? I'm pretty sure the app is well configured because I keep receiving purchases of all kind, from different users with any problem.
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342
Mar ’25
Background Task Execution for FDA Class B Medical App Using BLE
Hello Apple Developer Community, I am developing a medical app that is classified as Class B according to FDA regulations. The app connects to a medical device using Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to collect critical medical data such as ECG readings. To ensure accurate data collection and maintain the quality of the medical readings, the app needs to wake up every five minutes in the background and perform tasks for approximately 30 seconds. I understand that iOS has strict limitations on background execution to preserve battery and system performance. However, due to the medical nature of the app and the need for periodic data collection, I am seeking guidance on the following: If I can provide documentation that the app is associated with an FDA-approved Class B medical device, would Apple allow more lenient background task execution policies? Are there specific APIs, such as BackgroundTasks, CoreBluetooth, or other recommended strategies, that could help me achieve this behavior reliably? Is there a process to apply for an exception or special consideration for medical apps that require periodic background activity? Any insights or recommendations would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!
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374
Mar ’25
On Host Names
For important background information, read Extra-ordinary Networking before reading this. Share and Enjoy — Quinn “The Eskimo!” @ Developer Technical Support @ Apple let myEmail = "eskimo" + "1" + "@" + "apple.com" On Host Names I commonly see questions like How do I get the device’s host name? This question doesn’t make sense without more context. Apple systems have a variety of things that you might consider to be the host name: The user-assigned device name — This is a user-visible value, for example, Guy Smiley. People set this in Settings > General > About > Name. The local host name — This is a DNS name used by Bonjour, for example, guy-smiley.local. By default this is algorithmically derived from the user-assigned device name. On macOS, people can override this in Settings > General > Sharing > Local hostname. The reverse DNS name associated with the various IP addresses assigned to the device’s various network interfaces That last one is pretty much useless. You can’t get a single host name because there isn’t a single IP address. For more on that, see Don’t Try to Get the Device’s IP Address. The other two have well-defined answers, although those answers vary by platform. I’ll talk more about that below. Before getting to that, however, let’s look at the big picture. Big Picture The use cases for the user-assigned device name are pretty clear. I rarely see folks confused about that. Another use case for this stuff is that you’ve started a server and you want to tell the user how to connect to it. I discuss this in detail in Showing Connection Information in an iOS Server. However, most folks who run into problems like this do so because they’re suffering from one of the following misconceptions: The device has a DNS name. Its DNS name is unique. Its DNS name doesn’t change. Its DNS name is in some way useful for networking. Some of these may be true in some specific circumstances, but none of them are true in all circumstances. These issues are not unique to Apple platforms — if you look at the Posix spec for gethostname, it says nothing about DNS! — but folks tend to notice these problems more on Apple platforms because Apple devices are often deployed to highly dynamic network environments. So, before you start using the APIs discussed in this post, think carefully about your assumptions. And if you actually do want to work with DNS, there are two cases to consider: If you’re looking for the local host name, use the APIs discussed above. In other cases, it’s likely that the APIs in this post will not be helpful and you’d be better off focusing on DNS APIs [1]. [1] The API I recommend for this is DNS-SD. See the DNS section in TN3151 Choosing the right networking API. macOS To get the user-assigned device name, call the SCDynamicStoreCopyComputerName(_:_:) function. For example: let userAssignedDeviceName = SCDynamicStoreCopyComputerName(nil, nil) as String? To get the local host name, call the SCDynamicStoreCopyLocalHostName(_:) function. For example: let localHostName = SCDynamicStoreCopyLocalHostName(nil) as String? IMPORTANT This returns just the name label. To form a local host name, append .local.. Both routines return an optional result; code defensively! If you’re displaying these values to the user, use the System Configuration framework dynamic store notification mechanism to keep your UI up to date. iOS and Friends On iOS, iPadOS, tvOS, and visionOS, get the user-assigned device name from the name property on UIDevice. IMPORTANT Access to this is now restricted. For more on that, see the documentation for the com.apple.developer.device-information.user-assigned-device-name entitlement. There is no direct mechanism to get the local host name. Other APIs There are a wide variety of other APIs that purport to return the host name. These include: gethostname The name property on NSHost [1] The hostName property on NSProcessInfo (ProcessInfo in Swift) These are problematic for a number of reasons: They have a complex implementation that makes it hard to predict what value you’ll get back. They might end up trying to infer the host name from the network environment. The existing behaviour is hard to change due to compatibility concerns. Some of them are marked as to-be-deprecated. IMPORTANT The second issue is particularly problematic, because it involves synchronous DNS requests [2]. That’s slow in general. Worse yet, if the network environment is restricted in some way, these calls can be very slow, taking about 30 seconds to time out. Given these problems, it’s generally best to avoid calling these routines at all. [1] It also has a names property, which is a little closer to reality but still not particularly useful. [2] Actually, that’s not true for gethostname. Rather, that call just returns whatever was last set by sethostname. This is always fast. The System Configuration framework infrastructure calls sethostname to update the host name as the system state changes.
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236
Mar ’25
WeatherKit - visibility units and height
We had a question that came up when we comparing data from WeatherKit to other sources - WeatherKit visibility was well beyond the boundaries we had historically, even from Darksky. That raises two questions: is visibility actually in meters like the docs say? is this visibility at ground level, 500ft, or some other height? We were seeing visibility numbers of up to 40 miles (after converting the number the API sent to miles), where all of our other sources are usually within 10 miles
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221
Mar ’25
URLSession works for request but not NWConnection
I am trying to convert a simple URLSession request in Swift to using NWConnection. This is because I want to make the request using a Proxy that requires Authentication. I posted this SO Question about using a proxy with URLSession. Unfortunately no one answered it but I found a fix by using NWConnection instead. Working Request func updateOrderStatus(completion: @escaping (Bool) -&gt; Void) { let orderLink = "https://shop.ccs.com/51913883831/orders/f3ef2745f2b06c6b410e2aa8a6135847" guard let url = URL(string: orderLink) else { completion(true) return } let cookieStorage = HTTPCookieStorage.shared let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default config.httpCookieStorage = cookieStorage config.httpCookieAcceptPolicy = .always let session = URLSession(configuration: config) var request = URLRequest(url: url) request.httpMethod = "GET" request.setValue("text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept") request.setValue("none", forHTTPHeaderField: "Sec-Fetch-Site") request.setValue("navigate", forHTTPHeaderField: "Sec-Fetch-Mode") request.setValue("Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/18.0.1 Safari/605.1.15", forHTTPHeaderField: "User-Agent") request.setValue("en-US,en;q=0.9", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept-Language") request.setValue("gzip, deflate, br", forHTTPHeaderField: "Accept-Encoding") request.setValue("document", forHTTPHeaderField: "Sec-Fetch-Dest") request.setValue("u=0, i", forHTTPHeaderField: "Priority") // make the request } Attempted Conversion func updateOrderStatusProxy(completion: @escaping (Bool) -&gt; Void) { let orderLink = "https://shop.ccs.com/51913883831/orders/f3ef2745f2b06c6b410e2aa8a6135847" guard let url = URL(string: orderLink) else { completion(true) return } let proxy = "resi.wealthproxies.com:8000:akzaidan:x0if46jo-country-US-session-7cz6bpzy-duration-60" let proxyDetails = proxy.split(separator: ":").map(String.init) guard proxyDetails.count == 4, let port = UInt16(proxyDetails[1]) else { print("Invalid proxy format") completion(false) return } let proxyEndpoint = NWEndpoint.hostPort(host: .init(proxyDetails[0]), port: NWEndpoint.Port(integerLiteral: port)) let proxyConfig = ProxyConfiguration(httpCONNECTProxy: proxyEndpoint, tlsOptions: nil) proxyConfig.applyCredential(username: proxyDetails[2], password: proxyDetails[3]) let parameters = NWParameters.tcp let privacyContext = NWParameters.PrivacyContext(description: "ProxyConfig") privacyContext.proxyConfigurations = [proxyConfig] parameters.setPrivacyContext(privacyContext) let host = url.host ?? "" let path = url.path.isEmpty ? "/" : url.path let query = url.query ?? "" let fullPath = query.isEmpty ? path : "\(path)?\(query)" let connection = NWConnection( to: .hostPort( host: .init(host), port: .init(integerLiteral: UInt16(url.port ?? 80)) ), using: parameters ) connection.stateUpdateHandler = { state in switch state { case .ready: print("Connected to proxy: \(proxyDetails[0])") let httpRequest = """ GET \(fullPath) HTTP/1.1\r Host: \(host)\r Connection: close\r Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8\r User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/18.0.1 Safari/605.1.15\r Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9\r Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br\r Sec-Fetch-Dest: document\r Sec-Fetch-Mode: navigate\r Sec-Fetch-Site: none\r Priority: u=0, i\r \r """ connection.send(content: httpRequest.data(using: .utf8), completion: .contentProcessed({ error in if let error = error { print("Failed to send request: \(error)") completion(false) return } // Read data until the connection is complete self.readAllData(connection: connection) { finalData, readError in if let readError = readError { print("Failed to receive response: \(readError)") completion(false) return } guard let data = finalData else { print("No data received or unable to read data.") completion(false) return } if let body = String(data: data, encoding: .utf8) { print("Received \(data.count) bytes") print("\n\nBody is \(body)") completion(true) } else { print("Unable to decode response body.") completion(false) } } })) case .failed(let error): print("Connection failed for proxy \(proxyDetails[0]): \(error)") completion(false) case .cancelled: print("Connection cancelled for proxy \(proxyDetails[0])") completion(false) case .waiting(let error): print("Connection waiting for proxy \(proxyDetails[0]): \(error)") completion(false) default: break } } connection.start(queue: .global()) } private func readAllData(connection: NWConnection, accumulatedData: Data = Data(), completion: @escaping (Data?, Error?) -&gt; Void) { connection.receive(minimumIncompleteLength: 1, maximumLength: 65536) { data, context, isComplete, error in if let error = error { completion(nil, error) return } // Append newly received data to what's been accumulated so far let newAccumulatedData = accumulatedData + (data ?? Data()) if isComplete { // If isComplete is true, the server closed the connection or ended the stream completion(newAccumulatedData, nil) } else { // Still more data to read, so keep calling receive self.readAllData(connection: connection, accumulatedData: newAccumulatedData, completion: completion) } } }
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