Explore best practices for creating inclusive apps for users of Apple accessibility features and users from diverse backgrounds.

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Having trouble with Accessibility API of the ApplicationServices framework
After replacing Big Sur OSX 11.0 with the latest 11.5, my app's AXObserverAddNotification methods fails. Here is sample code I tested from StackOverflow: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/853833/how-can-my-app-detect-a-change-to-another-apps-window AXUIElementRef app = AXUIElementCreateApplication(82695); // the pid for front-running Xcode 12.5.1 CFTypeRef frontWindow = NULL; AXError err = AXUIElementCopyAttributeValue( app, kAXFocusedWindowAttribute, &frontWindow );     if ( err != kAXErrorSuccess ){         NSLog(@"failed with error: %i",err);     } NSLog(@"app: %@  frontWindow: %@",app,frontWindow); 'frontWindow' reference is never created and I get the error number -25204. It seems like the latest Big Sur 11.5 has revised the Accessibility API or perhaps there is some permission switch I am unaware of that would make things work. What am I doing wrong?
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820
Jun ’25
iOS18.3.1+ widget: Local color picture load widget crashes
Environment:xcode 16.2 WidgetKit: Image(uiImage: UIImage(named: "jp_jump")!).resizable().scaledToFit().frame(width: 58, height: 16).padding(EdgeInsets(top: 0, leading: 16, bottom: 0, trailing: 0)) ”jp_jump“: Local color picture load widget crashes info: Thread 4: EXC_RESOURCE (RESOURCE_TYPE_MEMORY: high watermark memory limit exceeded) (limit=30 MB)
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143
Mar ’25
Speak Screen gesture not working
I am testing the accessibility feature available in the Settings app called "Speak Screen". The help text in the Setting app states that swiping down with two fingers will cause the screen content to be spoken. However, I've been unable to get this feature to work. Every time I try the double finger swipe down, it behaves the same as the single finger swipe down gesture. Usually this manifests as making scroll views bounce. I've tried toggling the feature on and off, turning off Reachability, and rebooting my phone, but I can't get the speak screen gesture to work. If I access the speak screen feature from the "Speech Controller" button, then the screens content is spoken, as expected, so I know the feature is enabled. It's just the gesture that doesn't work. Is there something else I need to do to get this gesture to work? I don't want to tell my users to turn this feature on if I can't verify that the gesture will work with my app.
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211
Jul ’25
VoiceOver accessibility issue in UIKit for line granularity
Context: We are using UIKit to provide accessibility in our app for our iOS users. Our app majorly contains documents/books that user can read. Issue: The issue is VoiceOver is skipping the lines given to it when there are some leading spaces in it. We have observed this issue in different languages. This is only happening for line granularity, other granularities seems to be working as expected. Implementation: We are using below API's to provide line content to voice over. UIAccessibilityReadingContent - accessibilityPageContent - accessibilityFrameForLineNumber - accessibilityContentForLineNumber We are creating UIAccessibilityElement objects to pass to VoiceOver and each UIAccessibilityElement implements UIAccessibilityReadingContent to provide readable content. We also use below APIs to cross element boundaries for all granular navigations. accessibilityNextTextNavigationElement accessibilityPreviousTextNavigationElement We want to know whether skipping the line when provided with leading spaces is expected or a bug in UIKit.
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431
Nov ’25
DUNS Number
Hello, I’m in the process of enrolling my business (Carzo Rent A Car, Prishtine, Kosovo) in the Apple Developer Program, but I have been waiting for my D-U-N-S number to be issued. I submitted the request to Dun & Bradstreet on July 28, 2025 (Case #9142648) and have only received a system-generated email with a tracking ID (#9086421). There has been no further update. My questions are: Is there a way for Apple to expedite or provisionally approve my enrollment while the D-U-N-S number is pending? How long does Apple typically wait for D&B updates before the enrollment is affected? Are there any alternative steps I can take to avoid further delays? Thank you for your guidance.
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190
Jul ’25
Accessibility IDs showing up in Accessibility Inspector, but automated testing script is unable to find them
In the app I'm working on, I have a SwiftUI View embedded in a UIKit Storyboard. The SwiftUI View holds a menu with a list of payment tools, and the ForEach loop looks like this: ForEach(self.paymentToolsVM.paymentToolsItems, id: \.self) { paymentTool in Button { navigationCallback(paymentTool.segueID) } label: { PaymentToolsRow(paymentToolName: paymentTool.title, imageName: paymentTool.imageName) .accessibilityElement() .accessibilityIdentifier("Billing_\(paymentTool.title.replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: ""))") } if paymentTool != self.paymentToolsVM.paymentToolsItems.last { Divider() } } So you can see the accessibility ID is there, and it shows up properly when I open up Accessibility Inspector with the simulator, but the testing script isn't picking up on it, and it doesn't show up when the view is inspected in Appium. I have other SwiftUI views embedded in the UIKit view, and the script picks up the buttons on those, so I'm not sure what's different about this one. If it helps, the script is written in Java with the BDD framework. I can try to get the relevant part of the script if anyone thinks that would be helpful. Otherwise, is there anything else I can try?
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171
May ’25
FocusState Issue in iOS 18 with Keyboard Navigation
I have implemented a SwiftUI view containing a grid of TextField elements, where focus moves automatically to the next field upon input. This behavior works well on iOS 16 and 17, maintaining proper focus highlighting when keyboard full access is enabled. However, in iOS 18 and above, the keyboard full access focus behaves differently. It always stays behind the actual focus state, causing a mismatch between the visually highlighted field and the active text input. This leads to usability issues, especially for users navigating with an external keyboard. Below is the SwiftUI code for reference: struct AutoFocusGridTextFieldsView: View { private let fieldCount: Int private let columns: Int @State private var textFields: [String] @FocusState private var focusedField: Int? init(fieldCount: Int = 17, columns: Int = 5) { self.fieldCount = fieldCount self.columns = columns _textFields = State(initialValue: Array(repeating: "", count: fieldCount)) } var body: some View { let rows = (fieldCount / columns) + (fieldCount % columns == 0 ? 0 : 1) VStack(spacing: 10) { ForEach(0..<rows, id: \.self) { row in HStack(spacing: 10) { ForEach(0..<columns, id: \.self) { col in let index = row * columns + col if index < fieldCount { TextField("", text: $textFields[index]) .frame(width: 40, height: 40) .multilineTextAlignment(.center) .textFieldStyle(RoundedBorderTextFieldStyle()) .focused($focusedField, equals: index) .onChange(of: textFields[index]) { newValue in if newValue.count > 1 { textFields[index] = String(newValue.prefix(1)) } if !textFields[index].isEmpty { moveToNextField(from: index) } } } } } } } .padding() .onAppear { focusedField = 0 } } private func moveToNextField(from index: Int) { if index + 1 < fieldCount { focusedField = index + 1 } } } struct AutoFocusGridTextFieldsView_Previews: PreviewProvider { static var previews: some View { AutoFocusGridTextFieldsView(fieldCount: 10, columns: 5) } } Has anyone else encountered this issue with FocusState in iOS 18? I really do believe that this is a bug strictly connected to keyboard navigation since I experienced similar problem also on UIKit equivalent of the view. Any insights or suggestions would be greatly appreciated!
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619
Mar ’25
Thai input glitch after Command + Delete in macOS beta
Issue: When using the shortcut Command + Delete to clear a line of text, the next character I type in Thai unexpectedly appears as an English character, even though the input source is still set to Thai. After that, subsequent characters return to Thai as expected. Details: Affected apps: Notes, Messages, and some other native apps Not affected: Browser text fields (Safari, Chrome, etc.) Does not occur when using Option + Delete or just Delete macOS [insert beta version + build number] Mac model: [insert model] Input sources: Thai – Kedmanee, English – U.S. Steps to reproduce: Open Notes (or Messages). Switch to Thai input. Type a few Thai words. Press Command + Delete. Type again — the first character shows up in English. Expected: First character should remain in Thai, consistent with the active input source. Actual: First character shows as English, then input switches back to Thai.
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816
Aug ’25
How to Enable Group Navigation Behavior for Custom Views in VoiceOver?
In VoiceOver, when using Group Navigation style, the cursor first focuses on the semantic group. To navigate inside the group, a two-finger swipe (left or right) can be used. This behavior works for default containers like the Navigation Bar, Tab Bar, and Tool Bar. How can I achieve the same behavior for a custom view? I tried setting accessibilityContainerType = .semanticGroup, but it only works for Mac Catalyst. Is there an equivalent approach for iOS?
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460
Mar ’25
How to disable the default focus effect and detect keyboard focus in SwiftUI?
I’m trying to customize the keyboard focus appearance in SwiftUI. In UIKit (see WWDC 2021 session Focus on iPad keyboard navigation), it’s possible to remove the default UIFocusHaloEffect and change a view’s appearance depending on whether it has focus or not. In SwiftUI I’ve tried the following: .focusable() // .focusable(true, interactions: .activate) .focusEffectDisabled() .focused($isFocused) However, I’m running into several issues: .focusable(true, interactions: .activate) causes an infinite loop, so keyboard navigation stops responding .focusEffectDisabled() doesn’t seem to remove the default focus effect on iOS Using @FocusState prevents Space from triggering the action when the view has keyboard focus My main questions: How can I reliably detect whether a SwiftUI view has keyboard focus? (Is there an alternative to FocusState that integrates better with keyboard navigation on iOS?) What’s the recommended way in SwiftUI to disable the default focus effect (the blue overlay) and replace it with a custom border? Any guidance or best practices would be greatly appreciated! Here's my sample code: import SwiftUI struct KeyboardFocusExample: View { var body: some View { // The ScrollView is required, otherwise the custom focus value resets to false after a few seconds. I also need it for my actual use case ScrollView { VStack { Text("First button") .keyboardFocus() .button { print("First button tapped") } Text("Second button") .keyboardFocus() .button { print("Second button tapped") } } } } } // MARK: - Focus Modifier struct KeyboardFocusModifier: ViewModifier { @FocusState private var isFocused: Bool func body(content: Content) -> some View { content .focusable() // ⚠️ Must come before .focused(), otherwise the FocusState won’t be recognized // .focusable(true, interactions: .activate) // ⚠️ This causes an infinite loop, so keyboard navigation no longer responds .focusEffectDisabled() // ⚠️ Has no effect on iOS .focused($isFocused) // Custom Halo effect .padding(4) .overlay( RoundedRectangle(cornerRadius: 18) .strokeBorder( isFocused ? .red : .clear, lineWidth: 2 ) ) .padding(-4) } } extension View { public func keyboardFocus() -> some View { modifier(KeyboardFocusModifier()) } } // MARK: - Button Modifier /// ⚠️ Using a Button view makes no difference struct ButtonModifier: ViewModifier { let action: () -> Void func body(content: Content) -> some View { content .contentShape(Rectangle()) .onTapGesture { action() } .accessibilityAction { action() } .accessibilityAddTraits(.isButton) .accessibilityElement(children: .combine) .accessibilityRespondsToUserInteraction() } } extension View { public func button(action: @escaping () -> Void) -> some View { modifier(ButtonModifier(action: action)) } }
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534
Sep ’25
AXChildren does not get all children
I'd like to add borders to all buttons in the iOS simulator from my Mac app. First I get the simulator window. Then I access the children of all AXGroup and if it's a button or a static text, I add a border. But for some buttons this does not work. In the example image the NavigationBarButtons are not found. I guess the problem is, that for some AXGroup the children array access with AXChildren is empty. Here is some relevant code: - (NSArray<DDHOverlayElement *> *)overlayChildrenOfUIElement:(AXUIElementRef)element index:(NSInteger)index { NSMutableArray<DDHOverlayElement *> *tempOverlayElements = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSLog(@">>> -----------------------------------------------------"); NSString *role = [UIElementUtilities roleOfUIElement:element]; NSRect frame = [UIElementUtilities frameOfUIElement:element]; NSLog(@"%@, role: %@, %@", element, role, [NSValue valueWithRect:frame]); NSArray *lineage = [UIElementUtilities lineageOfUIElement:element]; NSLog(@"lineage: %@", lineage); NSArray<NSValue *> *children = [UIElementUtilities childrenOfUIElement:element]; if (children.count < 1) { NSLog(@"NO CHILDREN"); } for (NSInteger i = 0; i < [children count]; i++) { NSValue *child = children[i]; AXUIElementRef uiElement = (__bridge AXUIElementRef)child; NSString *role = [UIElementUtilities roleOfUIElement:uiElement]; NSRect frame = [UIElementUtilities frameOfUIElement:uiElement]; NSLog(@"----%@, role: %@, %@", child, role, [NSValue valueWithRect:frame]); } NSLog(@"<<< -----------------------------------------------------"); for (NSInteger i = 0; i < [children count]; i++) { NSValue *child = children[i]; AXUIElementRef uiElement = (__bridge AXUIElementRef)child; NSString *role = [UIElementUtilities roleOfUIElement:uiElement]; NSRect frame = [UIElementUtilities frameOfUIElement:uiElement]; NSLog(@"%@, role: %@, %@", child, role, [NSValue valueWithRect:frame]); if ([role isEqualToString:@"AXButton"] || [role isEqualToString:@"AXTextField"] || [role isEqualToString:@"AXStaticText"]) { NSString *tag = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld%ld", (long)index, (long)i]; NSLog(@"tag: %@", tag); DDHOverlayElement *overlayElement = [[DDHOverlayElement alloc] initWithUIElementValue:child tag:tag]; [tempOverlayElements addObject:overlayElement]; } else if ([role isEqualToString:@"AXGroup"] || [role isEqualToString:@"AXToolbar"]) { [tempOverlayElements addObjectsFromArray:[self overlayChildrenOfUIElement:uiElement index:++index]]; } else if ([role isEqualToString:@"AXWindow"]) { [self.overlayWindowController setFrame:[UIElementUtilities frameOfUIElement:uiElement]]; [tempOverlayElements addObjectsFromArray:[self overlayChildrenOfUIElement:uiElement index:index]]; } } return [tempOverlayElements copy]; } For some AXGroup the children are found. For some they are empty. I cannot figure out why. Does anyone have an idea what I'm doing wrong?
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159
May ’25
Allow Mobile Data switching
there is no possibility to sett the allow mobile Data switch I have the latest update but still does not work and I realised it when I went to another country and I could not sett my Mobile data and when I came back still I could not.
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802
Sep ’25
iPadOS 26 Floating Keyboard jumping up and down
Using the floating keyboard extensively. Often It starts to jump up and down. I have to pinch out to see the large version and pinch in again to restore the floating version. Sometimes just touching a key sets it off. Sometimes returning to a window from which the keyboard is displayed starts the issue. This was never a problem in ipad os 18.
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498
Sep ’25
Accessibility Traits for Children of a Tab Bar
Hi! I'm working on an application where I'd like VoiceOver to give each element of a tab bar the "Tab" trait. I'm testing this using the Accessibility Inspector. Essentially, I'd like to replicate the behavior of how Safari identifies each of its tabs as a "Tab" (I've attached a photo below). How exactly is this accomplished? I've tried using the .isTabBar trait to designate the child objects as "Tabs", but this doesn't seem to be working and I've struggled to find documentation about this. For additional context, these child items are Buttons, and I would like to have the .isButton trait essentially replaced by something like an .isTab trait. Not sure if this is actually possible or not, but curious how the Accessibility Inspector recognizes this in Safari.
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180
Jun ’25
Accessibility Voiceover is not treating navigation bar left button as first focused element
Accessibility Voiceover is not treating navigation bar left button as first focused element. If we navigate from A->B then the focus is going to first element inside the B view not to the back button or B view's navigation title. If we post accessibility notification, in onAppear of B, focus is not shifting. but it will read back button first, and then read the B view's content item. it does't focus to back button in swiftUI. how should I do? if I want to focus on the navigation item back button or navigation title. my understanding is the system prioritizes the first focusable element in the view hierarchy. but The navigation bar (including the close button and title) is managed separately by the system. It is not part of the main view hierarchy, so it does not automatically receive focus unless explicitly set. if my thoughts are right, it seems a little strange. Why did you design it this way? Can you tell me your thinking? Thanks
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422
Sep ’25